LSE衛(wèi)生局和世衛(wèi)組織歐洲辦事處將制定抗微生物藥物耐藥性問(wèn)責(zé)指數(shù)
指南者留學(xué)
2024-09-27 11:27:58
閱讀量:1036
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;">抗菌素耐藥性 (AMR) – 當(dāng)細(xì)菌、病毒、真菌和寄生蟲(chóng)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)上用于對(duì)抗它們的抗菌藥物不再有反應(yīng)時(shí)發(fā)生 –<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Tahoma For Number', 'Chinese Quote', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000;">是</span><span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Tahoma For Number', 'Chinese Quote', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000;">全</span><span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Tahoma For Number', 'Chinese Quote', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000;">球公共衛(wèi)生和發(fā)展面臨的最大威脅之一</span><span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: 'Tahoma For Number', 'Chinese Quote', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000;">。</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #2e2e2e; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;">對(duì) AMR 對(duì)人類(lèi)健康影響的建模表明,到 2021 年,全球有 1140 萬(wàn)人直接死于細(xì)菌性 AMR。</span><span class="dropBlock reference-citations" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #2e2e2e; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;"><a id="body-ref-sref3" class="reference-citations__ctrl" style="box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; color: #00549e; text-decoration-line: none; transition: background 0.15s ease-in-out, color 0.15s ease-in-out; text-underline-offset: 0.125rem;" role="doc-biblioref" href="https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanmic/article/PIIS2666-5247(24)00265-9/fulltext" data-xml-rid="bib3" aria-label="參考資料 3" aria-expanded="false" data-db-target-for="sref3" aria-controls="sref3"><sup style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 12px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;">3</sup></a></span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #2e2e2e; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;">如果不以最佳方式解決,那么到 2035 年,由于額外的醫(yī)療保健成本,預(yù)計(jì)每年將給全球經(jīng)濟(jì)造成 4120 億美元的損失,由于勞動(dòng)力生產(chǎn)力的損失,每年將給全球經(jīng)濟(jì)造成 4430 億美元的損失。</span> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://info.compassedu.hk/sucai/content/1728271272983/1728271272983.jpg" width="737" height="491" /></p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;">為了應(yīng)對(duì)這一威脅,倫敦政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院衛(wèi)生局的學(xué)者將與世衛(wèi)組織歐洲辦事處合作,為歐洲和中亞制定世界上第一個(gè)抗微生物藥物耐藥性問(wèn)責(zé)指數(shù)。該指數(shù)得到所有 53 個(gè)會(huì)員國(guó)的廣泛支持,將對(duì)整個(gè) WHO 歐洲區(qū)域 AMR 進(jìn)展進(jìn)行基準(zhǔn)測(cè)試,并支持會(huì)員國(guó)的應(yīng)對(duì)工作。</p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;">該計(jì)劃將于明年啟動(dòng),將由 Elias Mossialos 教授牽頭的 LSE Health 團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。</p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;">關(guān)于這項(xiàng)新舉措,Mossialos 教授說(shuō):“我們很高興能與世衛(wèi)組織合作制定抗微生物藥物耐藥性問(wèn)責(zé)指數(shù),旨在設(shè)定明確的目標(biāo),幫助各國(guó)動(dòng)員承諾并采取行動(dòng)采取抗微生物藥物耐藥性控制措施。</p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;">世衛(wèi)組織歐洲主任 Hans Henri P Kluge 博士在宣布這一消息時(shí)寫(xiě)道<a class="external" style="transition: 0.3s; color: inherit; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none; display: inline; vertical-align: top; transform: translateZ(0px); box-shadow: none; backface-visibility: hidden; position: relative; border-bottom: 1px solid #3a3d3f; padding-bottom: 2px;" href="https://www.euronews.com/health/2024/09/23/to-safeguard-modern-medicine-we-must-tackle-antimicrobial-resistance-before-its-too-late">歐洲新聞</a>本周,應(yīng)對(duì) AMR 耐藥性是保護(hù)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)的基礎(chǔ):</p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://info.compassedu.hk/sucai/content/1728271547211/1728271547211.jpg" width="669" height="446" /></p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;">“我們有一個(gè)選擇:成為采取果斷行動(dòng)對(duì)抗 AMR 的一代,保護(hù)我們和子孫后代的健康?;蛘叱蔀槔速M(fèi)我們面前機(jī)會(huì)的一代,這可能會(huì)危及我們所知道的現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)。</p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;">問(wèn)責(zé)指數(shù)將于 2025 年推出,將作為評(píng)估和衡量國(guó)家在應(yīng)對(duì) AMR 方面的績(jī)效的基準(zhǔn)工具。其開(kāi)發(fā)將以嚴(yán)格的證據(jù)綜合和共識(shí)驅(qū)動(dòng)的方法為基礎(chǔ)。</p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;">該指數(shù)將涵蓋與 AMR 治理相關(guān)的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域,包括政策承諾和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力、資源分配和融資、監(jiān)測(cè)和數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)告、政策實(shí)施和執(zhí)行、公眾和專(zhuān)業(yè)參與,以及結(jié)果的監(jiān)測(cè)和評(píng)估。</p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"><span style="color: #2e2e2e; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; float: none; display: inline;">該指數(shù)將借鑒現(xiàn)有舉措,例如四方 TrACSS 以避免重復(fù)工作,并引入許多新指標(biāo),并對(duì)一些 TrACSS 指標(biāo)進(jìn)行獨(dú)立驗(yàn)證。將納入相關(guān)目標(biāo),對(duì)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行加權(quán),以制定一個(gè)易于理解的綜合排名,并定期為政策制定者和民間社會(huì)提供更新,以加強(qiáng)對(duì)政策行動(dòng)的問(wèn)責(zé)制</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;">在世衛(wèi)組織歐洲區(qū)域制定和實(shí)施該指數(shù)之后,將進(jìn)行磋商,旨在調(diào)整其應(yīng)用并將其擴(kuò)展到其他世衛(wèi)組織區(qū)域。</p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"> </p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 60px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"><span style="color: #2e2e2e; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; float: none; display: inline;">WHO 歐洲區(qū)域的 53 個(gè)會(huì)員國(guó)同意,WHO 區(qū)域辦事處應(yīng)制定監(jiān)測(cè)、評(píng)估和問(wèn)責(zé)框架,作為 2023-30 年 AMR 路線(xiàn)圖的一部分。有了這項(xiàng)任務(wù),世衛(wèi)組織區(qū)域辦事處現(xiàn)在擁有了在歐洲和中亞開(kāi)發(fā)和試行抗微生物藥物耐藥性問(wèn)責(zé)指數(shù)的最佳環(huán)境,該指數(shù)是全球首個(gè)此類(lèi)指數(shù)。</span></p>
<p style="font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px 0px 60px; font-size: 1rem; color: #3a3d3f; white-space: normal; background-color: #f6f6f6;"><span style="color: #2e2e2e; font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff; float: none; display: inline;">抗微生物藥物耐藥性問(wèn)責(zé)指數(shù)將成為推動(dòng)歐洲地區(qū)抗微生物藥物耐藥性行動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵杠桿。一旦在 WHO 歐洲區(qū)域制定和實(shí)施,其目的是開(kāi)始磋商,以適應(yīng)該指數(shù)并將其應(yīng)用擴(kuò)展到 WHO 其他區(qū)域</span></p>